Sunday, October 28, 2012

Lesson-5 on Economics



Question: What is Diseconomies of Scale in Economics?
Answer:
Diseconomies of scale occur when a business grows so large that the costs per unit increase. It refers increase in long-term average cost of production as the scale of operations increases beyond a certain level.
Diseconomies of scale occur for several reasons, but all as a result of the difficulties of managing a larger workforce.

Question: What is Terms of Trade?
Answer:
 It is a single number that represents the ratio of a particular country's exports and imports. Specifically, terms of trade represents the relationship between the price a country receives for its exported goods and the price it pays for imported items.

Question: What is the Consumer Surplus in Economics?
Answer:
Consumer is the difference between the total amount consumers would be willing to pay to consume the quantity of goods transacted on the market and the amount they actually have to pay for those goods

Question: What is the difference between price and value?
Answer:
Price is the quantity of payment or compensation given from one party to another in return for goods or services. Price is set by the intersection of demand and supply.

Value is the innate worth of a commodity, which determines the normal ('equilibrium') ratio at which two commodities exchange. This is the measure of worth that is based purely on the utility derived from the consumption of a product or service. Value drives demand. Price is what customers spend; value is what they receive.

Question: What is paradox of value in Economics?
Answer:
 The paradox of value (also known as the diamond-water paradox) is the apparent contradiction that, although water is on the whole more useful, in terms of survival, than diamonds, diamonds command a higher price in the market

Question: What is Paradox of Thrift in Economics?
Answer:
Economic concept that if everyone tries to save an increasingly larger portion of his or her income, they would become poorer instead of richer. This is because the economy will slow down from reduction in demand and the very same people would lose their jobs. This theory, however, applies mainly to Keynesian economics where increased savings represent a diminishing circular flow of income.

Question: What is Absolute Advantage in Economics?
Answer:
A country has an absolute advantage if its output per unit of input of all goods and services produced is higher than that of another country.

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